{"id":163716,"date":"2025-01-20T14:59:14","date_gmt":"2025-01-20T13:59:14","guid":{"rendered":"https:\/\/stratec-med.com\/literatur\/smoking-is-associated-with-lower-bone-mineral-density-and-reduced-cortical-thickness-in-young-men-2\/"},"modified":"2025-01-20T14:59:14","modified_gmt":"2025-01-20T13:59:14","slug":"smoking-is-associated-with-lower-bone-mineral-density-and-reduced-cortical-thickness-in-young-men-2","status":"publish","type":"literatur","link":"https:\/\/stratec-med.com\/en\/literature\/smoking-is-associated-with-lower-bone-mineral-density-and-reduced-cortical-thickness-in-young-men-2\/","title":{"rendered":"Smoking is associated with lower bone mineral density and reduced cortical thickness in young men"},"content":{"rendered":"<p>CONTEXT: Smoking has previously been associated with reduced areal bone mineral density (aBMD) in elderly subjects, but the association remains controversial in adolescents. OBJECTIVE: The aim of this study was to determine whether smoking was associated with aBMD or volumetric BMD (vBMD) and bone size in young men. DESIGN AND SETTING: aBMD was measured using dual x-ray absorptiometry. vBMD and bone size were measured using peripheral quantitative computerized tomography (pQCT). Smoking habits were assessed using questionnaires. Levels of sex steroids, PTH, and 25-OH-vitamin D were measured in serum. PARTICIPANTS: The population-based Gothenburg Osteoporosis and Obesity Determinants (GOOD) study includes 1068 young men, age 18.9 +\/- 0.6 yr (mean +\/- SD). MAIN OUTCOME MEASURE: The main outcome measure was smoking as predictor of bone parameters and serum sex hormone levels. RESULTS: Of the study subjects, 8.7% smoked daily. Bone parameters were compared between smokers and nonsmokers. Smokers had significantly lower aBMD (dual x-ray absorptiometry) of the total body (crude: -2.1%; adjusted for age, height, weight, calcium intake, and physical activity: -1.8%), lumbar spine (crude: -4.3%; adjusted: -3.3%), and trochanter (crude: -6.6%; adjusted: -5.0%) than nonsmokers. Using peripheral quantitative computerized tomography, we found that smokers had lower cortical thickness of both the radius (crude: -2.8%; adjusted: -2.9%) and tibia (crude: -4.5%; adjusted: -4.0%) than the nonsmokers, whereas no difference was seen for cortical vBMD. Smokers had higher serum levels of total and free testosterone and lower 25-OH-vitamin D than nonsmokers. Adjustment for testosterone and\/or 25-OH-vitamin D levels did not alter the associations between smoking and bone parameters. CONCLUSIONS: We demonstrate that smoking was associated with lower aBMD and reduced cortical thickness in young men.<\/p>\n","protected":false},"excerpt":{"rendered":"<p>CONTEXT: Smoking has previously been associated with reduced areal bone mineral density (aBMD) in elderly subjects, but the association remains<\/p>\n","protected":false},"author":22,"parent":0,"menu_order":0,"template":"","format":"standard","meta":{"_acf_changed":false},"tags":[],"thema":[5924,5866],"produktgruppe":[5825],"literatur_kategorie":[7221],"class_list":["post-163716","literatur","type-literatur","status-publish","format-standard","hentry","thema-clinical-studies","thema-diagnostics-using-leonardo-pqct","produktgruppe-pqct-en","literatur_kategorie-clinical-studies"],"acf":[],"_links":{"self":[{"href":"https:\/\/stratec-med.com\/en\/wp-json\/wp\/v2\/literatur\/163716","targetHints":{"allow":["GET"]}}],"collection":[{"href":"https:\/\/stratec-med.com\/en\/wp-json\/wp\/v2\/literatur"}],"about":[{"href":"https:\/\/stratec-med.com\/en\/wp-json\/wp\/v2\/types\/literatur"}],"author":[{"embeddable":true,"href":"https:\/\/stratec-med.com\/en\/wp-json\/wp\/v2\/users\/22"}],"version-history":[{"count":0,"href":"https:\/\/stratec-med.com\/en\/wp-json\/wp\/v2\/literatur\/163716\/revisions"}],"wp:attachment":[{"href":"https:\/\/stratec-med.com\/en\/wp-json\/wp\/v2\/media?parent=163716"}],"wp:term":[{"taxonomy":"post_tag","embeddable":true,"href":"https:\/\/stratec-med.com\/en\/wp-json\/wp\/v2\/tags?post=163716"},{"taxonomy":"thema","embeddable":true,"href":"https:\/\/stratec-med.com\/en\/wp-json\/wp\/v2\/thema?post=163716"},{"taxonomy":"produktgruppe","embeddable":true,"href":"https:\/\/stratec-med.com\/en\/wp-json\/wp\/v2\/produktgruppe?post=163716"},{"taxonomy":"literatur_kategorie","embeddable":true,"href":"https:\/\/stratec-med.com\/en\/wp-json\/wp\/v2\/literatur_kategorie?post=163716"}],"curies":[{"name":"wp","href":"https:\/\/api.w.org\/{rel}","templated":true}]}}